Abase as a sampling frame. Data collectors PubMed ID:http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20709720 visited the selected households and enumerated members above the age of 15 years. Then one person was selected for interview from this list using the random number generator table included in the standardized GATS questionnaire. The investigators and two site personnel supervised the data collection process. The questionnaire was pretested among 38 individuals taken from a similar population in a nearby district.Results Five hundred forty-eight of the 600 respondents responded to interviews, providing a response rate of 91.3 . There were 405 male respondents (75.1 ) and the mean (SD) age of the respondents was 35.0 (15.0) years (Table 1).Practice and attitudes toward smokingOne hundred fifty-one (28 ) respondents reported to smoke daily, whereas 6 (1.1 ) smoked on a non-daily basis (1.1 ). The proportion of current smokers (daily and nondaily smoking at the time of the study) was 38.6 among males and 0.8 among females. Twenty-two (4 ) of the respondents were former smokers, from which 10 (1.8 ) were daily smokers. The mean (SD) age of smoking initiation was 21.1 (6.4) years. Twenty-six (5 ) of the respondents used smokeless tobacco, mainly in the form of chewing. From these 9 (1.7 ) used it daily. The mean (SD) number of cigarettes smoked per week by smokers was 47.2 (51.4), showing a significant variation from 1 to 168 cigarettes. This amounts to an average of 6.7 cigarettes smoked per day (range 24). The mean (SD) expense of the last cigarette purchase was 4.7 (6.1) birr (currency of Ethiopia) which amounts to 0.9 ( 1.1) in 2010 purchasing power adjusted dollars. Thirteen (8.7 ), 21 (14.0 ), 24 (16.0 ), and 92 (61.3 ) smokers reported to smoke the first cigarette within respectively 5, 6?0, 31?0, and more than 60 minutes after waking up in the morning. About 34.0 (49) of smokers had tried to stop smoking in the past. The main method used for smoking cessation was counselling (25 ). Regarding plans to quit smoking, 16 (10.3 ), 31 (20.0 ), 58 (37.4 ) respondents aimed to quit respectively within 6 months, 12 months, and some day but not within 12 months. Thirty-seven (23.9 ) smokers were not interested in Pirenzepine (dihydrochloride) site quitting. Plan to quit was negatively associated with number of cigarettes smoked per week (X2 = 34.3, df = 3, p < 0.001).Two hundred ten (40 ) households allowed indoor smoking and sixty-seven (12.2 ) allowed it with exceptions. One hundred sixty-six (31 ) homes never allowed indoor smoking while ninety two (16.9 ) did not have rules on second hand smoke. In one-third of homes (33 ) smoking took place daily. Four hundred (73.0 ) respondents believed that second hand smoking causes health problems. With respect to the health consequences of second hand smoke, heart disease was reported by 81.9 (357) of the respondents; respiratory problems by 89.7 (401); and lung cancer by 84.7 (371).Factors associated with smokingIn the multivariate analysis using logistic regression current smoking was strongly associated with male sex (OR = 83.0; 95 CI: 11.5?99) and students had lower odds of smoking than those of employed respondents (OR = 0.04; 95 CI: 0.005?.05). Age was statistically significant in the bivariate analysis (OR = 1.02; 95 CI: 1.01-1.03) but not after adjustment for other variables (Table 2).Discussion Our findings indicate that smoking is practiced highly (28.6 ) among the population studied. Being male was a strong predictor of tobacco use. Smokers consumed an average of 6.7 (ran.
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