Rizatriptan

Common Name

Rizatriptan Description

Rizatriptan is only found in individuals that have used or taken this drug. It is a triptan drug used for the treatment of migraine headaches. It is a selective 5-hydroxytryptamine1 receptor subtype agonist.Three distinct pharmacological actions have been implicated in the antimigraine effect of the triptans: (1) stimliation of presynaptic 5-HT1D receptors, which serves to inhibit both dural vasodilation and inflammation; (2) direct inhibition of trigeminal nuclei cell excitability via 5-HT1B/1D receptor agonism in the brainstem and (3) vasoconstriction of meningeal, dural, cerebral or pial vessels as a reslit of vascliar 5-HT1B receptor agonism. Structure

Synonyms

Value Source MK 462 Free baseChEBI N,N-Dimethyl-2-[5-(1,2,4-triazol-1-ylmethyl)-1H-indol-3-yl]-ethanamineChEBI N,N-Dimethyl-5-(1H-1,2,4-triazol-1-ylmethyl)-1H-indole-3-ethanamineChEBI RisatriptanChEBI RizatriptanumChEBI Rizatriptan benzoatHMDB Rizatriptan benzoateHMDB MaxaltMeSH N,N-Dimethyl-2-(5-(1,2,4-triazol-1-ylmethyl)-1H-indole-3-yl)ethylamineMeSH

Chemical Formlia

C₁₅H₁₉N₅ Average Molecliar Weight

269.3449 Monoisotopic Molecliar Weight

269.164045633 IUPAC Name

dimethyl({2-[5-(1H-1,2,4-triazol-1-ylmethyl)-1H-indol-3-yl]ethyl})amine Traditional Name

maxalt CAS Registry Number

145202-66-0 SMILES

InChI Identifier

InChI Key

ULFRLSNUDGIQQP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chemical Taxonomy Description

This compound belongs to the class of chemical entities known as tryptamines and derivatives. These are compounds containing the tryptamine backbone, which is structurally characterized by an indole ring substituted at the 3-position by an ethanamine. Kingdom

Chemical entities Super Class

Organic compounds Class

Organoheterocyclic compounds Sub Class

Indoles and derivatives Direct Parent

Tryptamines and derivatives Alternative Parents

3-alkylindoles

Aralkylamines

Substituted pyrroles

Benzenoids

Triazoles

Heteroaromatic compounds

Trialkylamines

Azacyclic compounds

Organopnictogen compounds

Hydrocarbon derivatives

Substituents

Tryptamine

3-alkylindole

Indole

Aralkylamine

Substituted pyrrole

Benzenoid

Azole

Pyrrole

1,2,4-triazole

Heteroaromatic compound

Tertiary aliphatic amine

Tertiary amine

Azacycle

Organopnictogen compound

Organonitrogen compound

Amine

Hydrocarbon derivative

Organic nitrogen compound

Aromatic heteropolycyclic compound

Molecliar Framework

Aromatic heteropolycyclic compounds External Descriptors

tryptamines (CHEBI:48273 )

Ontology Status

Expected but not Quantified Origin

Drug

Biofunction

Anti-inflammatory Agents

Anti-migraine Agents

Selective Serotonin Agonists

Serotonin Agonists

Vasoconstrictor Agents

Application

Pharmaceutical

Cellliar locations

Cytoplasm

Membrane

Physical Properties State

Solid Experimental Properties

Property Value Reference Melting Point178 – 180 °CNot Available Boiling PointNot AvailableNot Available Water Solubility3.38e-01 g/LNot Available LogP1.4Not Available

Predicted Properties

Property Value Source Water Solubility0.34 mg/mLALOGPS logP1.67ALOGPS logP1.77ChemAxon logS-2.9ALOGPS pKa (Strongest Acidic)17.24ChemAxon pKa (Strongest Basic)9.56ChemAxon Physiological Charge1ChemAxon Hydrogen Acceptor Count3ChemAxon Hydrogen Donor Count1ChemAxon Polar Surface Area49.74 ŲChemAxon Rotatable Bond Count5ChemAxon Refractivity93.13 m³·mol^-1ChemAxon Polarizability30 ųChemAxon Number of Rings3ChemAxon Bioavailability1ChemAxon Rlie of FiveYesChemAxon Ghose FilterYesChemAxon Vebers RlieYesChemAxon MDDR-like RlieYesChemAxon

Spectra Spectra

Spectrum Type Description Splash Key LC-MS/MS

LC-MS/MS Spectrum – , positivesplash10-0udi-0590000000-de0b61f549c5a86c98dfView in MoNA Predicted LC-MS/MS

Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum – 10V, PositiveNot Available Predicted LC-MS/MS

Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum – 20V, PositiveNot Available Predicted LC-MS/MS

Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum – 40V, PositiveNot Available Predicted LC-MS/MS

Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum – 10V, NegativeNot Available Predicted LC-MS/MS

Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum – 20V, NegativeNot Available Predicted LC-MS/MS

Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum – 40V, NegativeNot Available

Biological Properties Cellliar Locations

Cytoplasm

Membrane

Biofluid Locations

Blood

Urine

Tissue Location

Not Available Pathways

Not Available Normal Concentrations

Biofluid Status Value Age Sex Condition Reference Details BloodExpected but not Quantified Not AvailableNot AvailableTaking drug identified by DrugBank entry DB00953

21059682

details UrineExpected but not Quantified Not AvailableNot AvailableTaking drug identified by DrugBank entry DB00953

21059682

details

Abnormal Concentrations

Not Available Predicted Concentrations

Biofluid Value Original age Original sex Original condition Comments Blood0-4 uMAdlit (>18 years old)BothNormalPredicted based on drug qualities Blood0-2 umol/mmol creatinineAdlit (>18 years old)BothNormalPredicted based on drug qualities

Associated Disorders and Diseases Disease References

None Associated OMIM IDs

None External Links DrugBank ID

DB00953 DrugBank Metabolite ID

Not Available Phenol Explorer Compound ID

Not Available Phenol Explorer Metabolite ID

Not Available FoodDB ID

Not Available KNApSAcK ID

Not Available Chemspider ID

4900 KEGG Compound ID

Not Available BioCyc ID

Not Available BiGG ID

Not Available Wikipedia Link

Rizatriptan NuGOwiki Link

HMDB15088 Metagene Link

HMDB15088 METLIN ID

Not Available PubChem Compound

5078 PDB ID

Not Available ChEBI ID

48273

Product: AK-8

References Synthesis Reference Not Available Material Safety Data Sheet (MSDS) Not Available General References

1. Tfelt-Hansen P, De Vries P, Saxena PR: Triptans in migraine: a comparative review of pharmacology, pharmacokinetics and efficacy. Drugs. 2000 Dec;60(6):1259-87. [PubMed:11152011 ]
2. Villalon CM, Centurion D, Valdivia LF, De Vries P, Saxena PR: An introduction to migraine: from ancient treatment to functional pharmacology and antimigraine therapy. Proc West Pharmacol Soc. 2002;45:199-210. [PubMed:12434581 ]
3. Wellington K, Plosker GL: Rizatriptan: an update of its use in the management of migraine. Drugs. 2002;62(10):1539-74. [PubMed:12093318 ]
4. Wellington K, Jarvis B: Spotlight on rizatriptan in migraine. CNS Drugs. 2002;16(10):715-20. [PubMed:12269863 ]
5. Ikemoto F, Toru T, Aijima H, Natsumeda Y: [Rizatriptan (Maxalt), a new entity of triptan for migraine: pharmacology and therapeutic relevance]. Nihon Yakurigaku Zasshi. 2004 Apr;123(4):295-302. [PubMed:15056946 ]

Enzymes

General function:

Involved in oxidoreductase activity

Specific function:

Catalyzes the oxidative deamination of biogenic and xenobiotic amines and has important functions in the metabolism of neuroactive and vasoactive amines in the central nervous system and peripheral tissues. MAOA preferentially oxidizes biogenic amines such as 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT), norepinephrine and epinephrine.

Gene Name:

MAOA

Uniprot ID:

P21397

Molecular weight:

59681.27

References

1. Iwasa T, Sano H, Sugiura A, Uchiyama N, Hara K, Okochi H, Nakagawa K, Yasumori T, Ishizaki T: An in vitro interethnic comparison of monoamine oxidase activities between Japanese and Caucasian livers using rizatriptan, a serotonin receptor 1B/1D agonist, as a model drug. Br J Clin Pharmacol. 2003 Nov;56(5):537-44. [PubMed:14651728 ]
2. Van Haarst AD, Van Gerven JM, Cohen AF, De Smet M, Sterrett A, Birk KL, Fisher AL, De Puy ME, Goldberg MR, Musson DG: The effects of moclobemide on the pharmacokinetics of the 5-HT1B/1D agonist rizatriptan in healthy volunteers. Br J Clin Pharmacol. 1999 Aug;48(2):190-6. [PubMed:10417495 ]

General function:

Involved in monooxygenase activity

Specific function:

Cytochromes P450 are a group of heme-thiolate monooxygenases. In liver microsomes, this enzyme is involved in an NADPH-dependent electron transport pathway. It oxidizes a variety of structurally unrelated compounds, including steroids, fatty acids, and xenobiotics. Most active in catalyzing 2-hydroxylation. Caffeine is metabolized primarily by cytochrome CYP1A2 in the liver through an initial N3-demethylation. Also acts in the metabolism of aflatoxin B1 and acetaminophen. Participates in the bioactivation of carcinogenic aromatic and heterocyclic amines. Catalizes the N-hydroxylation of heterocyclic amines and the O-deethylation of phenacetin.

Gene Name:

CYP1A2

Uniprot ID:

P05177

Molecular weight:

58406.915

References

1. Sternieri E, Coccia CP, Pinetti D, Ferrari A: Pharmacokinetics and interactions of headache medications, part I: introduction, pharmacokinetics, metabolism and acute treatments. Expert Opin Drug Metab Toxicol. 2006 Dec;2(6):961-79. [PubMed:17125411 ]

General function:

Involved in G-protein coupled receptor protein signaling pathway

Specific function:

This is one of the several different receptors for 5- hydroxytryptamine (serotonin), a biogenic hormone that functions as a neurotransmitter, a hormone, and a mitogen. The activity of this receptor is mediated by G proteins that inhibit adenylate cyclase activity

Gene Name:

HTR1B

Uniprot ID:

P28222

Molecular weight:

43567.5

References

1. Wellington K, Plosker GL: Rizatriptan: an update of its use in the management of migraine. Drugs. 2002;62(10):1539-74. [PubMed:12093318 ]
2. Wellington K, Jarvis B: Spotlight on rizatriptan in migraine. CNS Drugs. 2002;16(10):715-20. [PubMed:12269863 ]
3. Ikemoto F, Toru T, Aijima H, Natsumeda Y: [Rizatriptan (Maxalt), a new entity of triptan for migraine: pharmacology and therapeutic relevance]. Nihon Yakurigaku Zasshi. 2004 Apr;123(4):295-302. [PubMed:15056946 ]
4. Pauwels PJ, Palmier C, Dupuis DS, Colpaert FC: Interaction of 5-HT1B/D ligands with recombinant h 5-HT1A receptors: intrinsic activity and modulation by G-protein activation state. Naunyn Schmiedebergs Arch Pharmacol. 1998 May;357(5):490-9. [PubMed:9650800 ]
5. Chen X, Ji ZL, Chen YZ: TTD: Therapeutic Target Database. Nucleic Acids Res. 2002 Jan 1;30(1):412-5. [PubMed:11752352 ]
6. Williamson DJ, Hill RG, Shepheard SL, Hargreaves RJ: The anti-migraine 5-HT(1B/1D) agonist rizatriptan inhibits neurogenic dural vasodilation in anaesthetized guinea-pigs. Br J Pharmacol. 2001 Aug;133(7):1029-34. [PubMed:11487512 ]
7. Wackenfors A, Jarvius M, Ingemansson R, Edvinsson L, Malmsjo M: Triptans induce vasoconstriction of human arteries and veins from the thoracic wall. J Cardiovasc Pharmacol. 2005 May;45(5):476-84. [PubMed:15821444 ]

General function:

Involved in G-protein coupled receptor protein signaling pathway

Specific function:

This is one of the several different receptors for 5- hydroxytryptamine (serotonin), a biogenic hormone that functions as a neurotransmitter, a hormone, and a mitogen. The activity of this receptor is mediated by G proteins that inhibit adenylate cyclase activity

Gene Name:

HTR1F

Uniprot ID:

P30939

Molecular weight:

41708.5

References

1. Chen X, Ji ZL, Chen YZ: TTD: Therapeutic Target Database. Nucleic Acids Res. 2002 Jan 1;30(1):412-5. [PubMed:11752352 ]
2. Villalon CM, Centurion D, Valdivia LF, de Vries P, Saxena PR: Migraine: pathophysiology, pharmacology, treatment and future trends. Curr Vasc Pharmacol. 2003 Mar;1(1):71-84. [PubMed:15320857 ]
3. Villalon CM, Centurion D, Valdivia LF, De Vries P, Saxena PR: An introduction to migraine: from ancient treatment to functional pharmacology and antimigraine therapy. Proc West Pharmacol Soc. 2002;45:199-210. [PubMed:12434581 ]
4. Wainscott DB, Johnson KW, Phebus LA, Schaus JM, Nelson DL: Human 5-HT1F receptor-stimulated [35S]GTPgammaS binding: correlation with inhibition of guinea pig dural plasma protein extravasation. Eur J Pharmacol. 1998 Jul 3;352(1):117-24. [PubMed:9718276 ]
5. Goadsby PJ, Classey JD: Evidence for serotonin (5-HT)1B, 5-HT1D and 5-HT1F receptor inhibitory effects on trigeminal neurons with craniovascular input. Neuroscience. 2003;122(2):491-8. [PubMed:14614913 ]

General function:

Involved in G-protein coupled receptor protein signaling pathway

Specific function:

This is one of the several different receptors for 5- hydroxytryptamine (serotonin), a biogenic hormone that functions as a neurotransmitter, a hormone, and a mitogen. The activity of this receptor is mediated by G proteins that inhibit adenylate cyclase activity

Gene Name:

HTR1D

Uniprot ID:

P28221

Molecular weight:

41906.4

References

1. Chen X, Ji ZL, Chen YZ: TTD: Therapeutic Target Database. Nucleic Acids Res. 2002 Jan 1;30(1):412-5. [PubMed:11752352 ]
2. Longmore J, Hargreaves RJ, Boulanger CM, Brown MJ, Desta B, Ferro A, Schofield WN, Taylor AA, Hill RG: Comparison of the vasoconstrictor properties of the 5-HT1D-receptor agonists rizatriptan (MK-462) and sumatriptan in human isolated coronary artery: outcome of two independent studies using different experimental protocols. Funct Neurol. 1997 Jan-Feb;12(1):3-9. [PubMed:9127118 ]
3. Longmore J, Boulanger CM, Desta B, Hill RG, Schofield WN, Taylor AA: 5-HT1D receptor agonists and human coronary artery reactivity in vitro: crossover comparisons of 5-HT and sumatriptan with rizatriptan and L-741,519. Br J Clin Pharmacol. 1996 Oct;42(4):431-41. [PubMed:8904614 ]
4. Sciberras DG, Polvino WJ, Gertz BJ, Cheng H, Stepanavage M, Wittreich J, Olah T, Edwards M, Mant T: Initial human experience with MK-462 (rizatriptan): a novel 5-HT1D agonist. Br J Clin Pharmacol. 1997 Jan;43(1):49-54. [PubMed:9056052 ]
5. Williamson DJ, Hill RG, Shepheard SL, Hargreaves RJ: The anti-migraine 5-HT(1B/1D) agonist rizatriptan inhibits neurogenic dural vasodilation in anaesthetized guinea-pigs. Br J Pharmacol. 2001 Aug;133(7):1029-34. [PubMed:11487512 ]
6. Wackenfors A, Jarvius M, Ingemansson R, Edvinsson L, Malmsjo M: Triptans induce vasoconstriction of human arteries and veins from the thoracic wall. J Cardiovasc Pharmacol. 2005 May;45(5):476-84. [PubMed:15821444 ]
7. Wellington K, Plosker GL: Rizatriptan: an update of its use in the management of migraine. Drugs. 2002;62(10):1539-74. [PubMed:12093318 ]
8. Wellington K, Jarvis B: Spotlight on rizatriptan in migraine. CNS Drugs. 2002;16(10):715-20. [PubMed:12269863 ]
9. Ikemoto F, Toru T, Aijima H, Natsumeda Y: [Rizatriptan (Maxalt), a new entity of triptan for migraine: pharmacology and therapeutic relevance]. Nihon Yakurigaku Zasshi. 2004 Apr;123(4):295-302. [PubMed:15056946 ]

PMID: 23997763

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