Frovatriptan Description
Frovatriptan (Frova) is a triptan drug developed by Vernalis for the treatment of migraine headaches, in particliar those associated with menstruation. The product is licensed to Endo Pharmaceuticals in North America and Menarini in Europe.[1] Frovatriptan causes vasoconstriction of arteries and veins that supply blood to the head. It is available as 2.5 mg tablets. Structure
Structure for HMDB15133 (Frovatriptan)
Synonyms
Value Source allergo FilmtablettenKegg Frovatriptan succinateHMDB 3-methylamino-6-carboxamido-1,2,3,4-TetrahydrocarbazoleMeSH FrovelanMeSH VML-251MeSH AllegroMeSH FrovaMeSH
Chemical Formlia
C14H17N3O Average Molecliar Weight
243.3043 Monoisotopic Molecliar Weight
243.137162181 IUPAC Name
(3R)-3-(methylamino)-2,3,4,9-tetrahydro-1H-carbazole-6-carboxamide Traditional Name
frovatriptan CAS Registry Number
158747-02-5 SMILES
InChI Identifier
InChI Key
XPSQPHWEGNHMSK-SECBINFHSA-N Chemical Taxonomy Description
This compound belongs to the class of chemical entities known as carbazoles. These are compounds containing a three ring system containing a pyrrole ring fused on either side to a benzene ring. Kingdom
Chemical entities Super Class
Organic compounds Class
Organoheterocyclic compounds Sub Class
Indoles and derivatives Direct Parent
Carbazoles Alternative Parents
Substituents
Molecliar Framework
Aromatic heteropolycyclic compounds External Descriptors
Not Available Ontology Status
Expected but not Quantified Origin
Biofunction
Application
Cellliar locations
Physical Properties State
Solid Experimental Properties
Property Value Reference Melting PointNot AvailableNot Available Boiling PointNot AvailableNot Available Water Solubility1.23e-01 g/LNot Available LogP0.9Not Available
Predicted Properties
Property Value Source Water Solubility0.12 mg/mLALOGPS logP1.2ALOGPS logP1.08ChemAxon logS-3.3ALOGPS pKa (Strongest Acidic)14.54ChemAxon pKa (Strongest Basic)10.42ChemAxon Physiological Charge1ChemAxon Hydrogen Acceptor Count2ChemAxon Hydrogen Donor Count3ChemAxon Polar Surface Area70.91 Å2ChemAxon Rotatable Bond Count2ChemAxon Refractivity71.84 m3·mol-1ChemAxon Polarizability27.55 Å3ChemAxon Number of Rings3ChemAxon Bioavailability1ChemAxon Rlie of FiveYesChemAxon Ghose FilterYesChemAxon Vebers RlieYesChemAxon MDDR-like RlieYesChemAxon
Spectra Spectra
Spectrum Type Description Splash Key Predicted LC-MS/MS
Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum – 10V, PositiveNot Available Predicted LC-MS/MS
Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum – 20V, PositiveNot Available Predicted LC-MS/MS
Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum – 40V, PositiveNot Available Predicted LC-MS/MS
Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum – 10V, NegativeNot Available Predicted LC-MS/MS
Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum – 20V, NegativeNot Available Predicted LC-MS/MS
Predicted LC-MS/MS Spectrum – 40V, NegativeNot Available
Biological Properties Cellliar Locations
Biofluid Locations
Tissue Location
Not Available Pathways
Not Available Normal Concentrations
Biofluid Status Value Age Sex Condition Reference Details BloodExpected but not Quantified Not AvailableNot AvailableTaking drug identified by DrugBank entry DB00998details UrineExpected but not Quantified Not AvailableNot AvailableTaking drug identified by DrugBank entry DB00998
details
Abnormal Concentrations
Not Available Predicted Concentrations
Biofluid Value Original age Original sex Original condition Comments Blood0-4 uMAdlit (>18 years old)BothNormalPredicted based on drug qualities Blood0-2 umol/mmol creatinineAdlit (>18 years old)BothNormalPredicted based on drug qualities
Associated Disorders and Diseases Disease References
None Associated OMIM IDs
None External Links DrugBank ID
DB00998 DrugBank Metabolite ID
Not Available Phenol Explorer Compound ID
Not Available Phenol Explorer Metabolite ID
Not Available FoodDB ID
Not Available KNApSAcK ID
Not Available Chemspider ID
70378 KEGG Compound ID
Not Available BioCyc ID
Not Available BiGG ID
Not Available Wikipedia Link
Frovatriptan NuGOwiki Link
HMDB15133 Metagene Link
HMDB15133 METLIN ID
Not Available PubChem Compound
77992 PDB ID
Not Available ChEBI ID
350328
References Synthesis Reference Not Available Material Safety Data Sheet (MSDS) Not Available General References- Easthope SE, Goa KL: Frovatriptan. CNS Drugs. 2001;15(12):969-76; discussion 977-8. [PubMed:11735616 ]
- Balbisi EA: Frovatriptan succinate, a 5-HT1B/1D receptor agonist for migraine. Int J Clin Pract. 2004 Jul;58(7):695-705. [PubMed:15311727 ]
- Balbisi EA: Frovatriptan: a review of pharmacology, pharmacokinetics and clinical potential in the treatment of menstrual migraine. Ther Clin Risk Manag. 2006 Sep;2(3):303-8. [PubMed:18360605 ]
- Elkind AH, Wade A, Ishkanian G: Pharmacokinetics of frovatriptan in adolescent migraineurs. J Clin Pharmacol. 2004 Oct;44(10):1158-65. [PubMed:15342617 ]
- Markus F, Mikko K: Frovatriptan review. Expert Opin Pharmacother. 2007 Dec;8(17):3029-33. [PubMed:18001261 ]
- Jhee SS, Shiovitz T, Crawford AW, Cutler NR: Pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of the triptan antimigraine agents: a comparative review. Clin Pharmacokinet. 2001;40(3):189-205. [PubMed:11327198 ]
Enzymes
- General function:
- Involved in monooxygenase activity
- Specific function:
- Cytochromes P450 are a group of heme-thiolate monooxygenases. In liver microsomes, this enzyme is involved in an NADPH-dependent electron transport pathway. It oxidizes a variety of structurally unrelated compounds, including steroids, fatty acids, and xenobiotics. Most active in catalyzing 2-hydroxylation. Caffeine is metabolized primarily by cytochrome CYP1A2 in the liver through an initial N3-demethylation. Also acts in the metabolism of aflatoxin B1 and acetaminophen. Participates in the bioactivation of carcinogenic aromatic and heterocyclic amines. Catalizes the N-hydroxylation of heterocyclic amines and the O-deethylation of phenacetin.
- Gene Name:
- CYP1A2
- Uniprot ID:
- P05177
- Molecular weight:
- 58406.915
References
- Easthope SE, Goa KL: Frovatriptan. CNS Drugs. 2001;15(12):969-76; discussion 977-8. [PubMed:11735616 ]
- Buchan P, Keywood C, Wade A, Ward C: Clinical pharmacokinetics of frovatriptan. Headache. 2002 Apr;42 Suppl 2:S54-62. [PubMed:12028321 ]
- Buchan P, Wade A, Ward C, Oliver SD, Stewart AJ, Freestone S: Frovatriptan: a review of drug-drug interactions. Headache. 2002 Apr;42 Suppl 2:S63-73. [PubMed:12028322 ]
- Preissner S, Kroll K, Dunkel M, Senger C, Goldsobel G, Kuzman D, Guenther S, Winnenburg R, Schroeder M, Preissner R: SuperCYP: a comprehensive database on Cytochrome P450 enzymes including a tool for analysis of CYP-drug interactions. Nucleic Acids Res. 2010 Jan;38(Database issue):D237-43. doi: 10.1093/nar/gkp970. Epub 2009 Nov 24. [PubMed:19934256 ]
- General function:
- Involved in G-protein coupled receptor protein signaling pathway
- Specific function:
- This is one of the several different receptors for 5- hydroxytryptamine (serotonin), a biogenic hormone that functions as a neurotransmitter, a hormone, and a mitogen. The activity of this receptor is mediated by G proteins that inhibit adenylate cyclase activity
- Gene Name:
- HTR1B
- Uniprot ID:
- P28222
- Molecular weight:
- 43567.5
References
- Chen X, Ji ZL, Chen YZ: TTD: Therapeutic Target Database. Nucleic Acids Res. 2002 Jan 1;30(1):412-5. [PubMed:11752352 ]
- Balbisi EA: Frovatriptan succinate, a 5-HT1B/1D receptor agonist for migraine. Int J Clin Pract. 2004 Jul;58(7):695-705. [PubMed:15311727 ]
- Comer MB: Pharmacology of the selective 5-HT(1B/1D) agonist frovatriptan. Headache. 2002 Apr;42 Suppl 2:S47-53. [PubMed:12028320 ]
- Parsons AA, Raval P, Smith S, Tilford N, King FD, Kaumann AJ, Hunter J: Effects of the novel high-affinity 5-HT(1B/1D)-receptor ligand frovatriptan in human isolated basilar and coronary arteries. J Cardiovasc Pharmacol. 1998 Aug;32(2):220-4. [PubMed:9700983 ]
- Easthope SE, Goa KL: Frovatriptan. CNS Drugs. 2001;15(12):969-76; discussion 977-8. [PubMed:11735616 ]
- Dodick DW, Sandrini G, Williams P: Use of the sustained pain-free plus no adverse events endpoint in clinical trials of triptans in acute migraine. CNS Drugs. 2007;21(1):73-82. [PubMed:17190530 ]
- Tfelt-Hansen P, De Vries P, Saxena PR: Triptans in migraine: a comparative review of pharmacology, pharmacokinetics and efficacy. Drugs. 2000 Dec;60(6):1259-87. [PubMed:11152011 ]
- Deleu D, Hanssens Y: Current and emerging second-generation triptans in acute migraine therapy: a comparative review. J Clin Pharmacol. 2000 Jul;40(7):687-700. [PubMed:10883409 ]
- Markus F, Mikko K: Frovatriptan review. Expert Opin Pharmacother. 2007 Dec;8(17):3029-33. [PubMed:18001261 ]
- Balbisi EA: Frovatriptan: a review of pharmacology, pharmacokinetics and clinical potential in the treatment of menstrual migraine. Ther Clin Risk Manag. 2006 Sep;2(3):303-8. [PubMed:18360605 ]
- Elkind AH, Wade A, Ishkanian G: Pharmacokinetics of frovatriptan in adolescent migraineurs. J Clin Pharmacol. 2004 Oct;44(10):1158-65. [PubMed:15342617 ]
- Buchan P, Wade A, Ward C, Oliver SD, Stewart AJ, Freestone S: Frovatriptan: a review of drug-drug interactions. Headache. 2002 Apr;42 Suppl 2:S63-73. [PubMed:12028322 ]
- General function:
- Involved in G-protein coupled receptor protein signaling pathway
- Specific function:
- This is one of the several different receptors for 5- hydroxytryptamine (serotonin), a biogenic hormone that functions as a neurotransmitter, a hormone, and a mitogen. The activity of this receptor is mediated by G proteins that inhibit adenylate cyclase activity
- Gene Name:
- HTR1D
- Uniprot ID:
- P28221
- Molecular weight:
- 41906.4
References
- Chen X, Ji ZL, Chen YZ: TTD: Therapeutic Target Database. Nucleic Acids Res. 2002 Jan 1;30(1):412-5. [PubMed:11752352 ]
- Easthope SE, Goa KL: Frovatriptan. CNS Drugs. 2001;15(12):969-76; discussion 977-8. [PubMed:11735616 ]
- Comer MB: Pharmacology of the selective 5-HT(1B/1D) agonist frovatriptan. Headache. 2002 Apr;42 Suppl 2:S47-53. [PubMed:12028320 ]
- Tfelt-Hansen P, De Vries P, Saxena PR: Triptans in migraine: a comparative review of pharmacology, pharmacokinetics and efficacy. Drugs. 2000 Dec;60(6):1259-87. [PubMed:11152011 ]
- Deleu D, Hanssens Y: Current and emerging second-generation triptans in acute migraine therapy: a comparative review. J Clin Pharmacol. 2000 Jul;40(7):687-700. [PubMed:10883409 ]
- Jahnichen S, Radtke OA, Pertz HH: Involvement of 5-HT1B receptors in triptan-induced contractile responses in guinea-pig isolated iliac artery. Naunyn Schmiedebergs Arch Pharmacol. 2004 Jul;370(1):54-63. Epub 2004 Jun 8. [PubMed:15185063 ]
- Balbisi EA: Frovatriptan succinate, a 5-HT1B/1D receptor agonist for migraine. Int J Clin Pract. 2004 Jul;58(7):695-705. [PubMed:15311727 ]
- Parsons AA, Raval P, Smith S, Tilford N, King FD, Kaumann AJ, Hunter J: Effects of the novel high-affinity 5-HT(1B/1D)-receptor ligand frovatriptan in human isolated basilar and coronary arteries. J Cardiovasc Pharmacol. 1998 Aug;32(2):220-4. [PubMed:9700983 ]
- Balbisi EA: Frovatriptan: a review of pharmacology, pharmacokinetics and clinical potential in the treatment of menstrual migraine. Ther Clin Risk Manag. 2006 Sep;2(3):303-8. [PubMed:18360605 ]
- Elkind AH, Wade A, Ishkanian G: Pharmacokinetics of frovatriptan in adolescent migraineurs. J Clin Pharmacol. 2004 Oct;44(10):1158-65. [PubMed:15342617 ]
- Buchan P, Wade A, Ward C, Oliver SD, Stewart AJ, Freestone S: Frovatriptan: a review of drug-drug interactions. Headache. 2002 Apr;42 Suppl 2:S63-73. [PubMed:12028322 ]